Calcium blood test

Ca+2; Serum calcium; Ca++; Hyperparathyroidism - calcium level; Osteoporosis - calcium level; Hypercalcemia - calcium level; Hypocalcemia - calcium level

A blood sample is needed.

Your health care provider may tell you to temporarily stop taking certain medicines that can affect the test. These medicines may include:

• Calcium salts (may be found in nutritional supplements or antacids)
• Lithium
• Thiazide diuretics (water pills)
• Thyroxine
• Vitamin D

Drinking too much milk (2 or more quarts or 2 liters a day or a large amount of other dairy products) or taking too much vitamin D as a dietary supplement can also increase blood calcium levels.

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or slight bruising. This soon goes away.

All cells need calcium in order to work. Calcium helps build strong bones and teeth. It is important for heart function, and helps with muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood clotting.

Your doctor may order this test if you have signs or symptoms of:

• Certain bone diseases
• Certain cancers, such as multiple myeloma, a cancer of the breast, lung, neck, and kidney
• Chronic kidney disease
• Chronic liver disease
• Disorders of the parathyroid glands (hormone made by these glands controls calcium and vitamin D levels in the blood)
• Disorders that affect how your intestines absorb nutrients
• Overactive thyroid gland or taking too much thyroid hormone medicine
• Abnormal vitamin D level

Your doctor may also order this test if you have been on bed rest for a long time.

Normal values range from 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL (2.13 to 2.55 millimol/L).

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.

A higher than normal level may be due to a number of health conditions. Common causes include:

• Being on bed rest for a long time.
• Consuming too much calcium or vitamin D.
• Hyperparathyroidism (parathyroid glands make too much of their hormone; often associated with a low vitamin D level).
• Infections that cause granulomas such as tuberculosis and certain fungal and mycobacterial infections.
• Multiple myeloma, T cell lymphoma and certain other cancers.
• Metastatic bone tumor (bone cancer that has spread).
• Overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) or too much thyroid hormone replacement medicine.
• Paget disease. Abnormal bone destruction and regrowth, causing deformity of the affected bones.
• Sarcoidosis. Lymph nodes, lungs, liver, eyes, skin, or other tissues become swollen or inflamed.
• Tumors producing a parathyroid hormone-like substance.
• Use of certain medicines such as lithium, tamoxifen, and thiazides.

A lower than normal levels may be due to:

• Disorders that affect absorption of nutrients from the intestines
• Hypoparathyroidism (parathyroid glands do not make enough of their hormone)
• Kidney failure
• Low blood level of albumin
• Liver disease
• Magnesium deficiency
• Pancreatitis
• Vitamin D deficiency

There is very little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:

• Excessive bleeding
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)
• Multiple punctures to locate veins