The prostate is a walnut-shaped gland found in the pelvic region of men, just under the bladder and in front of the rectum. It surrounds the urethra, the tube that drains urine from the bladder and out the penis, and when enlarged can create urination difficulties. The prostate's prime function is to produce seminal fluids necessary for sperm transportation. While studies are inconclusive as to the cause of prostate cancer, the disease is the most common form of cancer in men.

A prostatectomy is the removal of all or part of the prostate and surrounding tissue to eliminate cancer and abnormal cell growth. With early detection and removal, survival rates are high. Robotic assistance during this procedure gives the surgeon greater dexterity and ability to probe deeper with better visualization than other surgical options.

Post-prostatectomy treatment for possible bladder incontinence and sexual dysfunction may be necessary.